ackley

obsidian.experiment.benchmark.geometric.ackley(X)

Evaluates the N-dimensional Ackley function.

The Ackley function is a benchmark optimization problem that is commonly used to test optimization algorithms. It is a multimodal function with multiple local maxima and a global minimum at (0.8, 0.8, …, 0.8). This implementation of the Ackley function has been transformed to have a maximum value of 10 at the global minimum.

Parameters:

X (ndarray or DataFrame) – An (m x d) array or DataFrame of m observations with d features to be evaluated.

Returns:

An (m)-sized array of responses.

Return type:

ndarray